At the Rx biomechanics summer school 2010 Phil Reece presented on the new Langer shoe designed for diabetics – details here: http://www.lbguk.co.uk/images/Langer-Shearstep.pdf I find the idea that the sole is designed to place the foot at certain angles/ positions at certain points during the gait cycle interesting. We used to think we could use foot orthoses to place the foot in certain positions at certain times during the gait cycle, but it seems unlikely that they do. If you follow the link above you can see the basic design features
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Langer shearstep shoe